EPISTEMOLOGY CONCEPT OF NUSHUZ IN PERSPECTIVE OF MUSDAH MULIA

Abstract

A married that is sakina, mawadda and rahma are the ideal of every human being. However, it does not deny that there are household problems that result in the act of nushuz (defiance). The study of nushuz has become an interesting subject for discussion by feminist interpreters in Indonesia. Musdah Mulia is a feminist who discusses the problem of nushuz being different from the understanding of nushuz in classical times. The classical jurisprudence scholar in interpreting surah al-Nisa verses 34-35 gives the understanding that "the husband is the leader of the family", thus causing an understanding that nushuz only exists among wives only. But this is different from what is understood by Musdah Mulia. According to him, nusyuz is not only done by the wife but can also be done by the husband. Furthermore, related to the settlement of Husband in the household, Musdah Mulia did not agree with the beating as in verse 34 of Surah al-Nisa '. In the word "wa adhribuhunna" by Easy it does not mean to hit because it is an act of violence. But Musdah replaces the meaning of "wa adhribuhunna" by giving in-depth advice and considering psychologically. This paper tries to look at the epistemology of Musdah Mulia's thought in interpreting the nushuz verse. Using a general epistemology shows that the source of the interpretation of Musdah is the Koran and the Hadith but emphasizes ra'yi with three principles namely maqasid al-shari'ah, the principle of interpretative relativity and the third is the principle of thematic interpretation.