Abstract
This study analyzes the progressive thinking of two major figures of Indonesian Islamic education, KH. Hasyim Asy'ari and KH. Ahmad Dahlan, as well as their contribution to the development of education and the formation of national character. Using a historical-analytical approach and literature studies, this study examines the thoughts of the two figures through their works, educational policies, and institutional legacies. KH. Hasyim Asy'ari, the founder of Nahdlatul Ulama, developed the concept of pesantren education that combines classical traditions with the needs of modern times, emphasizing character formation through noble morals and the spirit of nationalism. Meanwhile, KH. Ahmad Dahlan, the founder of Muhammadiyah, introduced the reform of Islamic education by integrating religious and general curricula, as well as applying modern teaching methodologies oriented towards social progress. The findings of the study show that both figures have a progressive vision in balancing Islamic values with the spirit of Indonesian nationalism. They succeeded in creating an education system that not only produced a generation of faith and piety, but also had a high national consciousness. Their contribution is evident in the formation of educational institutions that still exist today, such as NU Islamic boarding schools and Muhammadiyah schools. This study concludes that the progressive thinking of the two figures provides a strong foundation for the development of Indonesian national character education based on moderate and inclusive Islamic values.