Integration of Arabic Language Learning and Kitab Kuning: Strategies and Methods in Improving the Quality of Pesantren in Indonesia

Abstract

This research is motivated by the challenges faced by Pesantrens (pesantren) in maintaining the relevance and quality of Arabic language learning as the key to understanding the Kitab Kuning (Classical Islamic Texts), which is the intellectual heritage of pesantren in Indonesia. The research aims to identify the models of integrating Arabic language learning and the Kitab Kuning, evaluate the strategies and methods used, and explore its impact on improving the quality of pesantren education. The study employs a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method, involving participatory observation and document analysis in several pesantren with different characteristics. Data were analyzed through phenomenological analysis techniques with source triangulation for validity. The results indicate three main integration models: traditional, modern, and integrative, which combine technological innovations and communicative approaches tailored to the pesantren context. Successful learning strategies combine the sorogan, bandongan, and mubasyaroh methods with digital media and contextual approaches that enhance motivation, holistic mastery of Arabic, and comprehension of the Kitab Kuning. This integration also contributes to shaping religious character, student learning independence, and strengthening the position of pesantren as adaptive educational institutions that maintain traditional values while preparing competent graduates ready to face modern challenges. These findings provide important contributions to the development of curriculum, teaching methods, and policies for Arabic language education in pesantren.